Table 1 Mitochondria transfer in the CNS
From: Focusing on mitochondria in the brain: from biology to therapeutics
Donor cell | Recipient cell | Mitochondrial state | Functions | Pathological condition | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Retinal ganglion cell | Optic nerve astrocytes | Damaged | Degrade mitochondria transcellularly | Focal axonal damage | [125] |
Microglia | Astrocytes | Damaged | Evoke astrocytosis and mediate injury propagation | Neurodegeneration | [128] |
Cortical astrocytes | Cortical neurons | Functional | Endogenous neuroprotective and lead to neurorecovery | Stroke | [220] |
Human astrocyte cell line | Starved glioblastoma cell line | Healthy | Reactivate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and inhibit malignant proliferation of glioblastoma cells | Glioblastoma | [366] |
Astrocytes | Glioblastoma cells | Functional | Drive proliferation and self-renewal of cancer cells | Glioblastoma | [367] |
Infiltrated macrophages in the DRG | Neurons | Functional | Relieve the inflammatory pain | Chronic pain | [221] |
Brain endothelial cells | Sensory neurons | Functional | Increase ATP levels | Ischemic insult | [222] |
Bone marrow MSCs | Cortical neurons | Functional | Prevent neuronal apoptosis | SCI | [224] |
Neural stem cells | Mononuclear phagocytes | Functional | Revert the mitochondrial dysfunction and reduce inflammatory gene in mononuclear phagocytes | MS | [368] |
Human brain endothelial cell line | Brain endothelial cells | Healthy | Protect tight junction integrity of ischemic brain endothelial cells and reduce brain infarct sizes | Ischemic stroke | [370] |
Human cell line | Brain cells | Healthy | Reduce neuronal disarrangement, neuronal loss and gliosis | AD | [371] |
iPSC-derived astrocytes | Dopaminergic neurons | Healthy | Reverse dopaminergic neurodegeneration and axonal pruning | PD | [372] |
Lymphoblasts from healthy subjects | iPSCs of schizophrenia subjects | Healthy | Support neuronal differentiation and restore functional deficits | Schizophrenia | [373] |
Human umbilical cord derived MSCs | Brain cells | Healthy | Inhibit apoptosis of brain cells and decrease infarct size | Acute ischemic stroke | [374] |
Hamster kidney fibroblast cell line | Cortical neurons | Healthy | Attenuate neuronal cell death and brain infarct area | Ischemic stroke | [361] |
MSCs | Neural stem cells | Healthy | Prevent the loss of neural progenitor cells | Neurotoxic effects of cisplatin | [362] |
Astrocytes | Cortical neurons | Functional | Protect the vulnerable neurons against toxic effects | Neural injuries after cisplatin treatment | [363] |
Microglia cell line | α-syn-burdened neuronal cell line | Functional | Provide metabolic support for neurons | Neurodegeneration | [364] |