Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | Translational Neurodegeneration

Fig. 1

From: Animal models of Parkinson’s disease: bridging the gap between disease hallmarks and research questions

Fig. 1

The hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Predominant PD motor symptoms arise from DA neuron loss in the SNpc, and the denervation of their axons in the caudate nucleus and putamen, also called the striatum. The cause of PD remains unclear but involves loss of DA neurons, α-syn aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy impairments, and neuroinflammation. PD patients additionally exhibit non-motor symptoms. The figure was generated using BioRender.

Back to article page

Translational Neurodegeneration

ISSN: 2047-9158

Contact us