Table 1 General characteristics of the study participants stratified according to the Aβ status

Number of subjects

90

47

–

Age, years

65.5 (9.6)

66.1 (7.9)

0.696 ^a

Sex, female, %

61.1

42.6

0.047 ^b

Education, years

10.6 (3.9)

11.7 (4.6)

0.165 ^a

APOE ε4 carries, % ^e

61.8

21.3

 < 0.001 ^b

Interval from PET imaging to blood collection, weeks

2.3 (4.6)

3.2 (5.6)

0.318 ^a

Neuropsychological tests

CDR, number of subjects

CDR = 0, 0

CDR = 0.5, 29

CDR = 1, 45

CDR = 2, 13

CDR = 3, 3

CDR = 0, 8

CDR = 0.5, 30

CDR = 1, 6

CDR = 2, 3

CDR = 3, 0

 < 0.001 ^c*

MMSE

22.0 [19.0, 25.0]

26.0 [24.0, 28.0]

 < 0.001 ^c*

MOCA ^e

16.0 [9.5, 19.0]

19.0 [16.0, 24.0]

 < 0.001 ^c*

FAQ

12.5 [8.8, 18.0]

7.0 [4.0, 9.0]

 < 0.001 ^c*

Memory ^{e, f}

− 2.1 [− 2.5, − 1.7]

− 1.6 [− 2.1, − 0.6]

 < 0.001 ^c*

Visuospatial function ^{e, f}

− 1.7 [− 6.9, 0.1]

0.0 [− 2.4, 0.7]

0.002 ^c*

Language ^{e, f}

− 1.6 [− 2.8, − 0.6]

− 0.9 [− 1.7, − 0.2]

0.004 ^c*

Attention ^{e, f}

− 2.1 [− 6.3, − 0.6]

− 0.7 [− 1.4, 0.0]

 < 0.001 ^c*

Executive function ^{e, f}

− 3.8 [− 10.1, − 1.3]

0.1 [− 2.5, 2.5]

 < 0.001 ^c*

PET ATN biomarkers

A: Global SUVR

1.4 [1.3, 1.5]

1.2 [1.1, 1.2]

 < 0.001 ^d*

T: MTL SUVR

1.6 [1.4, 1.8]

1.1 [1.0, 1.2]

 < 0.001 ^d*

T: NEO-T SUVR

1.5 [1.3, 1.8]

1.0 [1.0, 1.1]

 < 0.001 ^d*

N: metaROI SUVR

1.2 [1.1, 1.4]

1.4 [1.4, 1.6]

 < 0.001 ^d*

Plasma ATN biomarkers

A: Aβ₄₂/Aβ₄₀ ratio

0.04 [0.04, 0.06]

0.05 [0.04, 0.06]

0.054 ^d

T: P-tau181, pg/ml

4.8 [3.9, 6.0]

2.5 [1.8, 2.9]

 < 0.001 ^d*

N: T-tau, pg/ml

3.4 [2.3, 5.4]

3.2 [2.1, 4.6]

0.238 ^d

N: NfL, pg/ml

18.0 [14.5, 21.6]

13.6 [8.8, 20.7]

0.064 ^d