Why do ‘OFF’ periods still occur during continuous drug delivery in Parkinson’s disease?

Table 3 Reduction of daily ‘OFF’ time with continuous levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel

Study	Number of participants	Average follow-up duration (months)	Reduction of daily ‘OFF’ time (%)
Nilsson et al. [111]	28	37	18
Eggert et al. [112]	13	12	70
Antonini et al. [113]	22	24	46
Antonini et al.[108]	19	14	68
Santos-Garcia et al. [114]	9	170	91
Merola et al. [115]	20	15	68
Fasano et al. [116]	14	25	49
Fernandez et al. [117]	192	21	58
Foltynie et al. [118]	12	12	43
Zibetti et al. [119]	25	36	50
Antonini et al. [120]	98	24	38
Zibetti et al. [121]	59	26	49
Caceres-Redondo et al. [122]	29	24	58
Sensi et al. [123]	28	24	57
Lundqvist et al. [124]	10	12	71
Fernandez et al. [125]	272	12	66
Calandrella et al. [126]	35	32	54
Buongiorno et al. [127]	72	22	56
Slevin et al. [128]	62	13	46
Lopiano et al. [129]	145	14	57
Vallderiola et al. [130]	177	35	66
Merola et al. [131]	20	62	55
Chang et al. [132]	15	12	71
De Fabregues et al. [133]	23	44	82
Antonini et al. [134]	375	24	65
Standaert et al. [135]	38	14	74
Juhasz et al. [136]	34	12	84
Zibetti et al. [137]	32	31	62
Fernandez et al. [138]	86	49	67
Lopiano et al. [139]	145	36	50
Fabbri et al. [140]	44	52	60
Popa et al. [141]	24	12	29
Standaert et al. [142]	195	12	65
Weighted average improvement in OFF time*			59.8

Data from open-label studies assessing the efficacy of continuous levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel in reducing ‘OFF’ time in the treatment of patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease. Only studies which reported reduction of daily ‘OFF’ time were included
*Weighted for participant number per study

ISSN: 2047-9158