A new paradigm for diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases: peripheral exosomes of brain origin

Younas, Neelam; Fernandez Flores, Leticia Camila; Hopfner, Franziska; Höglinger, Günter U.; Zerr, Inga

doi:10.1186/s40035-022-00301-5

Translational Neurodegeneration

Table 1 Comparison of exosome isolation methods for clinical applications

From: A new paradigm for diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases: peripheral exosomes of brain origin

Method	Yield/purity	Time	Consumables/equipment	Advantages	Disadvantages
Ultracentrifugation	Low	2–3 h	Low cost for reagents	Classical method	Large sample volumes are required
			Requires an ultracentrifuge	Standardized protocol	Time-consuming
				Large sample capacity	Further purification steps are required
				Large sample capacity	Only well-equipped laboratories can use
Immunoaffinity-based approaches	Low yield, high purity	4–12 h	High cost for reagents	Allow enrichment of cell-specific exosomes by targeting surface markers	Time-consuming
			Commercial kits are available	Require low sample volume	Selection of markers is challenging
			No special lab equipment is required	Commercial kits are available	Selection of markers is challenging
Polymer precipitation	High	4–24 h	High cost for reagents	Commercial kits are available	Time-consuming
			Commercial kits are available	Requires low sample volume	Expensive
			No special equipment is required	Requires low sample volume	Expensive
Microfluidic devices	High	Depends on the technology	Very high cost for development of technology	Various sorting mechanisms can be employed	Require trained and skilled personnel
			No commercial kits are available		Need standardization and validation
			Must be designed by researchers themselves		Scalability is a problem currently
Clustering and scattering	High	20 min	Low cost for reagents	Allows a wide range of sample volume	Need validation
Clustering and scattering	High	20 min	No special equipment is required	High scalability and purity	Need validation
Nanotechnology (nanowires)	High	30 min	High cost for reagents	High purity	Does not allow a large amount of sample
Nanotechnology (nanowires)	High	30 min	Commercially available nanowires	Small sample volumes are required	Does not allow a large amount of sample
Size exclusion chromatography	Low yield, high purity	20 min	High cost for reagents	High purity	Large sample volumes are required for subtyping
			Commercial columns are available	High integrity	Low yield
			Commercial columns are available	High integrity	Expensive

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ISSN: 2047-9158

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