Fig. 1

Nanopore analysis setup and α-synuclein (α-syn) interaction with the α-Hemolysin pore. a The patch-clamp setup at 100 mV direct current (DC) allows the ions to flow in the pore and create an ionic current b The interruption of the current when α-syn interacts with the pore forming three distinguishable blockade current events: b1 Translocation events, where α-syn goes through the pore causing a large current blockade (as seen in Fig. 1 c); b2 Intercalation events, where α-syn is trapped in the pore entrance, but will diffuse back after a period of time causing an intermediate current blockade; b3 Bumping events, where α-syn approaches the pore, but diffuses away without entering causing a small current blockade. c Disruption of the blockade current and time caused by α-syn when the protein translocates the pore. d Full sequence of α-syn. e The domains of α-syn used in the nanopore setup consisting of: N-terminus (blue); ΔNAC, the entire sequence of α-synuclein without the non-amyloid β-component region (blue and red); and C-terminus (red)