Fig. 4

Subgroup analyses by ADSC intervention period. a Effect of ADSC intervention period on rodent rotation behavior reported in 9 individual experiments. The pooled effect size of SMD for the subgroup of recording time point ≤4 weeks was − 2.60 (95% CI, − 3.27 to − 1.94, z-value = 7.65, P < 0.000 01). b Data at shorter follow-up but with most improved effects from the > 4 weeks subgroup were added to the ≤4 weeks subgroup. The pooled effect size of SMD was − 1.74 (95% CI, − 2.50 to − 0.98, z-value = 4.48, P < 0.000 01). The pooled effect size of SMD for rotation improvement at follow-up time over 4 weeks was − 2.00 (95% CI, − 3.42 to − 0.58, z-value = 2.75, P = 0.006)