Skip to main content

Table 2 Common radionuclides used in SPECT, PET and myocardial scintigraphy imaging

From: Imaging biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease and Parkinsonian syndromes: current and emerging concepts

Radionuclide

IUPAC name

Main Target or Measure

SPECT

Nigrostriatal Integrity

123I-FP-CIT (123I-ioflupane)

123I-N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane

Presynaptic DAT

123I-β-CIT

123I-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane

Presynaptic DAT

123I-IPT

123I-N-(3-iodopropen-2-yl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane

Presynaptic DAT

99mTc-TRODAT-1

99mTc-[2-[[2-[[[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo [13] oct-2-yl]methyl](2-mercaptoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]ethanethiolato(3-)-N2,N2′,S2,S2′]oxo-[1R-(exo-exo)]

Presynaptic DAT

123I-IBZM

123I-(S)-(−)-2-hydroxy-3-iodo-6-methoxy-N-([1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidyl]-methyl)benzamide)

Postsynaptic D2 receptors

123I-IBF

123I-(S)-5-iodo-7-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]carboxamido-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran

Postsynaptic D2 receptors

123I-epidepride

123I-(S)-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-5-iodo-2,3-dimethoxybenzamide

Postsynaptic D2 receptors

Cerebral Perfusion

99mTc-ECD

99mTc-ethyl cysteinate diethylester

Cerebral perfusion

99mTc-HMPAO

99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime

Cerebral perfusion

123I-IMP

123I-N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine

Cerebral perfusion

PET

Nigrostriatal Integrity

18F-dopa

3,4-dihydroxy-6-18F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine

Presynaptic DAT

18F-FE-PE2I

18F-(E)-N-(3-iodoprop-2-enyl)-2β-carbofluoroethoxy-3β-(4′-methyl-phenyl)nortropane

Presynaptic DAT

11C/18F-β-CFT

11C/18F-2-β-carbomethoxy-3-β-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane

Presynaptic DAT

11C-methylphenidate

11C-methylphenidate

Presynaptic DAT

11C/18F-DTBZ

11C/18F-dihydrotetrabenazine

Presynaptic VMAT2

18F-FP-(+)-DTBZ

18F-(+)-fluoropropyldihydrotetrabenazine

Presynaptic VMAT2

11C-raclopride

11C-3,5-dichloro-N-[[(2S)-1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl]methyl]-2-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzamide

Postsynaptic D2 receptors

Cerebral Amyloid

11C-PIB

2-(4-N-11C-methylaminophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole

Cerebral amyloid

18F-florbetaben

4-{(E)-2-[4-(2-{2-[2-18F-Fluoroethoxy]ethoxy}ethoxy)phenyl]vinyl}-N-methylaniline

Cerebral amyloid

Cerebral Tau

18F-T807 (18F-AV-1451)

7-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole

Cerebral tau

18F-FDDNP

2-(1-(6-[(2-18F-fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-naphthyl)ethylidene)malononitrile

Cerebral tau

18F-THK523

2-(4-aminophenyl)-6-(2-18F-fluoroethoxy)quinoline

Cerebral tau

18F-THK5105

6-[(3-18F-fluoro-2-hydroxy)propoxy]-2-(4-dimethyl-aminophenyl)quinolone

Cerebral tau

11C-PBB3

11C-labelled phenyl/pyridinyl-butadienyl-benzothiazoles/benzothiazolium derivative

Cerebral tau

Cerebral Metabolism

18F-FDG

18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose

Glucose metabolism

Neuroinflammation

11C-(R)-PK11195

11C-1-(2-chlorophenyl-N-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinolinecarboxamide

Mitochondrial TSPO

11C-DPA-713

11C-N,N-diethyl-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]-acetamide

Mitochondrial TSPO

Myocardial Scintigraphy

Dysautonomia

123I-MIBG

123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine

Cardiovascular dysautonomia