Table 2 Studies of melanoma risk in PD patients and vice versa

Relative risk

Measure of association, 95 % confidence interval

Study/Subjects

3.6 (2.2–5.6) ^b [170]

National Institutes of Health Exploratory Trials in PD Long-term Study 1 (NET-PD)

2.24 (1.21–4.17) ^b [171]

North American PD patients vs. US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results cancer database, American Academy of Dermatology skin cancer screening programs

20.9 (9.6–39.7) ^b [172]

Parkinson Research Examination of CEP-1347 Trial (PRECEPT)

1.95 (1.4–2.6) ^b [9]

Danish National Hospital Register, Danish Cancer Registry

1.70 (0.62–4.67)^b [167]

UK General Practice Research Database

0.5 (0.2–0.9) ^a [13]

Oxford Record Linkage Study

1.96 (1.1–3.2) ^b [10]

Danish National Hospital Register, Danish Cancer Registry, Danish Register of Deaths

1.95 (1.44–2.59) [11]

Utah Population Database, US Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results

1.41 (1.09–1.80) ^b [15]

Danish National Hospital Register, Danish Cancer Registry

6.15 (1.77–21.37) ^b [12]

US Physicians Health Study

Odds ratio

1.44 (1.03–2.01) ^a [4]

Danish National Hospital Register, Danish Cancer Registry

1.5 (0.40–5.2)^a1.6 (0.71–3.6)^b [166]

Parkinsonism Epidemiology at Kaiser (PEAK)

Mortality ratio

266.3 (222–317) [173]

Australian National Cancer Statistics Clearing House

Relative risk

1.65 (1.22–2.19) [11]

Utah Population Database, US Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results