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Fig. 1 | Translational Neurodegeneration

Fig. 1

From: Combined metabolic activators improve cognitive functions in Alzheimer’s disease patients: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase-II trial

Fig. 1

CMA improves ADAS-Cog scores and clinical parameters. a Study design for testing the effects of CMA in AD patients. b Differences in ADAS-Cog scores in the CMA and placebo groups on days 0, 28 and 84. The ADAS-Cog scores were further analysed by stratifying the patients into high- (score > 20) and low-ADAS-Cog score (≤ 20) groups. The ADAS-Cog score was significantly decreased on day 28 vs day 0 (Log2FoldChange [FC] =  − 0.33, 26% improvement, P = 0.0000003) and on day 84 vs day 0 (Log2FC =  − 0.37, 29% improvement, P = 0.00001) in the CMA group. A slight but significant decrease was found in the placebo group on day 28 vs day 0 (Log2FC =  − 0.16, 12% improvement, P = 0.009) and on day 84 vs day 0 (Log2FC = −0.19, 14% improvement, P = 0.001). In addition, the ADAS-Cog score was significantly decreased on day 28 vs day 0 (Log2FC =  − 0.31, 24% improvement, P = 0.002) and on day 84 vs day 0 (Log2FC =  − 0.38, 30% improvement, P = 0.003) in the high-score CMA group, while no significance difference was seen in the high-score placebo group. c We selected 10 patients from the severe (ADAS-COG score > 20) CMA group with matched ADAS-COG values to the placebo group (P-value: 0.693) and presented the ADAS-Cog scores. We recalculated the differences in ADAS-COG scores and found significant improvement in the CMA group whereas there was no significant difference in the placebo group. d Heatmaps showing log2FC-based alterations of the clinical variables before vs after treatment in both CMA and placebo groups. Asterisks indicate statistical significance based on Student’s t-test (P < 0.05)

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