Fig. 4

p85S6K promotes spine density and synaptic strength. a, b Spine density in primary cultured hippocampal neurons after knockdown or overexpression of p85S6K. Scale bar, 10 μm. n = 10 neurons per group. t = 2.873, df = 18, P = 0.0101 (b, left panel); t = 2.406, df = 18, P = 0.0271(b, right panel). c, d Spine density in the hippocampus of WT mice after knockdown of p85S6K. Scale bar, 1 μm. n = 7 slices from 3 mice per group. Mann–Whitney U = 1.500, P = 0.0023. e, f SYNPLA signals after cLTP in hippocampus with p85S6K knockdown. Scale bar, 10 μm. n = 6 slices from 3 mice per group. F_{(1, 20)} = 203.8, P < 0.0001 for cLTP induction effect; F_{(1, 20)} = 87.13, P < 0.0001 for p85S6K knockdown effect. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Unpaired t test, two-tailed (b), Mann–Whitney test, two-tailed (d) and two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (f). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001. Ctl control, KD knockdown