Fig. 1
From: Gut microbiome, cognitive function and brain structure: a multi-omics integration analysis
Overview of study design and analyses. We included 1430 participants from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS) as a discovery cohort, all of whom had cognitive assessment and at least one stool sample collection (272 individuals collected stool samples twice). A subset of 208 individuals underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with availability of both gut microbiome and the cognitive assessment data. Replication datasets came from the AD case–control study (n = 90) and the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, n = 1300). Image created with BioRender.com. AD Alzheimer’s disease, MCI mild cognitive impairment, NC normal control