Table 2 Characteristics of the included studies

Benninger et al. 2010 [50]

Parallel groups; double blind

25

63.9 (8.7)

16, 9

~ 2.8

~ 10

~ 1155

Bueno et al. 2019 [42]

Cross-over; double blind

20

64.45 (8.98)

12, 8

2.25 (0.63)

7.8 (5.32)

NR

Chang et al. 2017 [43]

Parallel groups; double blind

32

~ 63

20, 12

NR

9.3

~ 817

Costa-Ribeiro et al. 2017 [26]

Parallel groups; double blind

22

~ 62

15, 7

NR

~ 6.2

~ 815

Criminger et al. 2018 [51]

Cross-over; double blind

16

68.13 (9.76)

12, 4

NR

8.69 (9.7)

NR

da Silva et al. 2018 [27]

Parallel groups; double blind

21

66

10, 7

~ 2.5

~ 5.5

NR

Dagan et al. 2018 [44]

Cross-over; double blind

20

68.8 (6.8)

17, 3

2.5 (0.6)

NR

554.7 (401.1)

Kaski et al. 2014 [54]

Cross-over in two parallel groups; double blind

16

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

Lattari et al. 2016 [45]

Cross-over; double blind

17

69.18 (9.98)

13, 4

2.35 (1.1)

7.06 (2.7)

748.29 (343.80)

Lu et al. 2018 [46]

Cross-over; double blind

10

66.3 (9.9)

7, 3

NR

NR

761.0 (362.2)

Manenti et al. 2014 [47]

Cross-over; double blind

10

67.1 (7.2)

6, 4

1.3 (1.1)

8.1 (3.5)

749.2 (445.5)

Mishra et al. 2021 [39]

Cross-over; double blind

20

63.9 (8.7)

14, 6

~ 2

NR

NR

Schabrun et al. 2016 [32]

Parallel groups; double blind

16

~ 67

10, 6

~ 2

~ 5.75

~ 626

Swank et al. 2016 [52]

Cross-over; single blind

10

68.7 (10.2)

8, 2

~ 2

7.9 (7.1)

NR

Valentino et al. 2014 [53]

Cross-over; single blind

10

72.3 (3.6)

5, 5

2.8 (0.5)

11 (4.9)

NR

von Papen et al. 2014 [48]

Cross-over; double blind

10

63 (9)

3, 7

NR

7 (6)

794 (360)

Workman et al. 2020 [49]

Cross-over; double blind

7

72.4 (6.4)

5, 2

1.9 (0.4)

4.3 (2.5)

889.8 (497.7)

Yotnuengnit et al. 2017 [38]

Parallel groups; double blind

60

65.0

33, 20

~ 2.5

~ 7.9

~ 863