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Table 3 Motor and non-motor symptoms significantly associated with EMO in multiple stepwise logistic regression model

From: Early morning off in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a Chinese nationwide study and a 7-question screening scale

Motor or non-motor symptoms

Odds ratio (95%CI)

P value

Tremor

 No

1.00 (reference)

 

 Yes

1.59 (1.05–2.40)

0.027

Muscle cramp

 No

1.00 (reference)

 

 Yes

2.00 (1.29–3.14)

0.002

Difficulty in turning on or getting out of bed

 No

1.00 (reference)

 

 Yes

2.05 (1.36–3.10)

0.001

Bradykinesia or rigidity

 No

1.00 (reference)

 

 Yes

4.97 (3.17–7.87)

< 0.001

Frozen state or freezing gait

 No

1.00 (reference)

 

 Yes

1.62 (1.04–2.54)

0.032

Fatigue or sleepiness

 No

1.00 (reference)

 

 Yes

1.99 (1.29–3.07)

0.002

Excessive sweating or salivation

 No

1.00 (reference)

 

 Yes

2.25 (1.35–3.81)

0.002