Fig. 2

Reversal of rotenone-induced injuries in DA neurons after direct co-culture with iPSCs derived astrocytes. a The schematics of the astrocyte-neuron co-culture experiments. b The representative images of DA neurons in four experiment groups: healthy control group, co-culture group, rotenone-treated group, co-culture after rotenone exposure group. c Quantification of TH and Tuj1 positive cell numbers in those four groups. d Quantification of neurite lengths of the DA neurons (TH and Tuj1 double staining). Three slides from each group were quantified and averaged 5 independent experiments. Results were presented as mean ± SEM. *** P < 0.001 versus controls, ^##P < 0.01, and ^###P < 0.001 compared to rotenone. Scale bars in all panels represent 20 μm