Fig. 6

Transplanted HUMSCs survived in the grafted-cerebellum and did not differentiate into neuronal cells. HUMSCs were labeled with the blue fluorescent nuclear staining bisbenzamide 48 h prior to transplantation and their viability and distribution were followed when the mice were sacrificed at 6 months of age. Blue fluorescent cell clusters were identified at lateral levels of bregma 1.2 mm, 2.1 mm, and 3.0 mm, with upper panel displaying the relative sites, lower panel showing the fluorescence photographs (a). Samples from six-month-old SCA1-HUMSCs mice were immunostained with antibody against human specific nuclei antigen (b). c RT-PCR was further applied to detect human NeuN and GFAP mRNA expressions in SCA1 mice. Human NeuN and GFAP mRNAs were not detectable in the SCA1-HUMSCs group. Human glioma cells were used as a positive control of human NeuN and GFAP mRNAs assay. d The expression of 174 human cytokines in mouse cerebella was examined 5 months after the HUMSCs transplantation. IL-13, GIF, PAI-1, FGF-2, and CXCL-4 were significantly increased in the group of SCA1-HUMSCs. * p < 0.05 compared with the Normal-PBS group. # p < 0.05 compared with SCA1-PBS