Table 3 The common types of ocular abnormalities, their clinical findings, and pathological correlation
From: How to spot ocular abnormalities in progressive supranuclear palsy? A practical review
Eye examination | Clinical findings | Anatomical correlation of degeneration |
|---|---|---|
Ocular fixation | Square wave jerks | Paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) |
Eye movement | Slow saccades (vertical) | Rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF) |
Vertical supranuclear gaze palsy | Interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC) | |
Substantia nigra par reticulata | ||
Superior colliculus | ||
‘Round the Houses’ sign | Inconclusive data | |
Eyelids | Decreased blink rate | Inconclusive data |
Blepharospasm | Inconclusive data | |
Apraxia of eyelid opening | Inconclusive data |