Fig. 4

Co-localization between VIP and α-syn in enteric neurons of the colon. a and b, Age-dependent increase of VIP expression was observed in the enteric neurons of the proximal colon at 6, 9, and 24 months, partial co-localization of VIP and α-syn was seen at 24 months old of age. c Co-localization of VIP and α-syn, and the nucleus (DAPI) at 24 months in mucosal layers (MP) and Auerbach’s (AP) and Meissner’s (MP) plexuses. d Semi-quantitative analyses of VIP in the colon of BAC α-syn-GFP mice. Two-way ANOVA [F = 18.999, p = 0.0002, in ages. F = 19.950, p = 0.0008(^***p), followed by Bonferroni adjustment post hoc tests (^***p<0.001, ^**P<0.01). e Quantitative of co-localization between VIP and α-syn in the colon in BAC α-syn-GFP mice. Two-way ANOVA (F = 2.150, p = 0.159, in ages. F = 0.950, p = 0.349)]. f Quantitative of co-localization between VIP and α-syn at 24 months in mucosal layers (MP) and Auerbach’s (AP) and Meissner’s (MP) plexuses. Student t test (^*p<0.05, ^**p<0.01). Scale bar = 150 μm in a and b; 50 μm in c (AP, ML) and 15 μm in c (MP)