Table 4 Physiological functions of H₂S based on its neuroprotective and neuromodulatory effects

Neuroprotection

PD: Inhibits oxygen consumption and 6-hydroxydopamine evoked NADPH oxidation.

Acts on various protein kinases.

HD: Upregulation of GSH enzyme and reveals the learning and memory problem.

AD: Decreases protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation.

 Reduces homocysteine-induced toxicity.

 Influences synaptic remodelling.

ALS: Proper regulation of GSH enzyme and reduction of oxidative stress.

TBI: Protection via apoptotic and autophagic pathway.

Protective effects against neuropathic pain and brain edema.

Neuromodulation

 • Long term potentiation.

 • CFTR Cl⁻ and K_ATP cycle regulation.

 • Enhancement of NMDA receptor activity.

 • Regulation of intracellular Ca²⁺.