Figure 4

Migration patterns of human NPC after parallel injections along with IL-1β, SDF-1, or MCP-1. Human NPCs (B, D, F and H) were injected parallel with PBS (A), IL-1β (C), SDF-1 (E), or MCP-1 (G), 1 mm apart into the basal ganglia of SCID mice (n = 3 per group). The injection sites were indicated by GFAP (A, C, E and G, 10×) and injected human NPCs were visualized by antibody for human Nestin (Figs B, D, F and H, 10×). *, ←, ·, and + indicate injection sites. Confocal images illustrated that fewer NPCs migrated towards the PBS injection site (B) as compared to NPCs that migrated towards IL-1β (D), SDF-1 (F), and MCP-1 (H) injection sites. The migration distance is showed in I.