Fig. 3
From: Therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases by targeting the gut microbiome: from bench to bedside
Potential strategies of gut microbiome-targeting therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Diet (diet patterns and nutritional supplements), probiotics and prebiotics, microbial metabolites (supplementation of beneficial metabolites and elimination of harmful metabolites), antibacterials (antibiotics and bacteriophages) and faecal microbiome transplantation (traditional and synthetic microbiome transplantation) can all make the gut microbiome “healthy”, which prevents and alleviates neurodegenerative diseases. FMT faecal microbiome transplantation, IPA indole-3-propionic acid, MeDi Mediterranean, MIND Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acid, TMAO trimethylamine-N-oxide